The Unethical Abuse of Todays Elderly Essay - 2119 Words

THE UNETHICAL ABUSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS ON THE ELDERLY Waking up in the middle of the night frightened and shaken up is a terrible time that each one of us can remember feeling. Then having someone close to us who we trusted come in, pick us up, and hold us tight produced a sense of security. We were able to take that security, and build a dignified and confident person that grew wiser with age. It seems though that in some instances, as we grow older and wiser, some do not get the respect and dignity that is owed to them. The security that helped build their lives has been stripped from them. Seniors end up losing the human right of having dignity and security that they have come to enjoy and live with. Our human rights do not answer†¦show more content†¦This aspect of discrimination is one of many forms of abuse, but it is not the only one. Through physical, financial, psychological and emotional abuse, and through the acts of neglect and abandonment, seniors feel the insufferable pain everyday of their lives. To remedy the pr oblem there are simple and ideological principles that need to be examined; dignity, independence, fairness, participation and security. If these standards can be utilized by society, we can rid ourselves of the terrible mistreatment of seniors. Although the CHRA and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms both state that to discriminate against somebody because of their age is wrong, they have done nothing to change the fact that it happens on an everyday basis. â€Å"[M]any workplaces have retirement policies that require all employees to retire at age 65† . Section 10 of the Ontario Human Rights Code defines age as being â€Å"an age that is eighteen years or more †¦ and less than sixty-five years† . This discriminatory definition of age goes against ones sense of security in a working establishment. This is simply translated into that â€Å"the Commission cannot receive a complaint of age discrimination in employment from someone who is 65 or older† . So if a manager or storeowner would cut back benefits, vacation pay, hours, or anything of such magnitudes, the seniors would not be able to voice a formal complaint. Even the Supreme Court ofShow MoreRelatedHow Fight The War On Poverty And Turn These Unwanted Pregnancy Into A Financial Blessing962 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment has to take on the burden of bringing up the children. We will discuss a plan on how fight the war on poverty and turn these unwanted pregnancy into a financial blessing. Along with a better ways to handle the costs of taking care of the elderly. First we need to address what is deemed an unwanted pregnancy and when is it necessary to do so. In some instances, some will find that they do not want their pregnancy as soon as a positive test result comes back. In other cases, it may not occurRead More Euthanasia Essay - The Immorality of Physician Assisted Suicide1120 Words   |  5 Pagesassisted suicide is immoral and unethical in todays standards.   Most people who commit suicide or wish to commit suicide are mentally ill and make impaired judgments.   Many of those who wish to commit suicide are really just reaching out for help, and disorders such as depression, which lead to attempted suicide, are treatable (Pretzer 1).   For those people suffering with chronic pain from, there have been many advances in pain control and management.   Today in the United States, PhysicianRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Euthanasia1150 Words   |  5 PagesEuthanasia should not be legalised in Australia. Good morning 10C and Ms Leoni, Today I am here to talk about the controversial issue of euthanasia. 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Analysis Of Eric Weiners Geography Of Bliss - 1643 Words

Eric Weiner, the author of Geography of Bliss, Euromail and Amerimail, and Man seeks good, is an american author and former foreign correspondent. His works are typically non-fiction, as it usually pertains to his life. In his stories, he shows his search for happiness and why it is necessary to find out what happiness means to others. In his book Man Seeks God, he explains his experience with his exploration of what religion and faiths had on his life. This search was inspired by a health scare. While he was in the hospital a nurse asked if he Have you found your God yet?. Geography of Bliss gives his definition of what makes people happy or what makes them thrive in a positive manner in various environments. He travelled to many†¦show more content†¦I wasnt expecting to enjoy Iceland in the middle of January, but I did. They have that â€Å"enjoyment of misery† in Iceland—maybe if youre a grump, Iceland is kindred spirits. Theyre happy, but not frothy, smil ey-face happy. Its a melancholic happiness. I was sorry to leave.† When he got tired of the happy countries, he went to the least happy countries, like Moldova. Moldova is characterized statistically as one of the least happy countries. He thought that this would help him invertly understand and define happiness for himself. Weiner used science and statistics to figure out what made people happy. He questioned if the wealth of the country had anything to do with the happiness of its people or if the state of the environment has any heavy contribution to the people’s feeling toward the country. He used different mindsets and possible questions from others to create his own inferences. â€Å" [If you believe that money can buy happiness, then surely the residents of Qatar must be happy. The Persian Gulf nation is the wealthiest in the world† He learned different forms of happiness from places like Thailand. Showing that you don’t necessarily have to go to th riving place to find hope or faith. â€Å"Thai attitude of mai pen lai, which translates roughly to â€Å"just let it go.† Or the object lessons from Moldova, which boil down to dont be Moldovan if you can help it, but if you happen to be Moldovan, dont be subsumed by this envyShow MoreRelatedZiyin 1 1 Essay1327 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Ziyin Li English 1A Paul Glanting October 10, 2014 The rhetoric in Geography of Bliss In Geography of Bliss, Eric Weiner is setting on finding the worlds happiest country. He uses a beguiling mixture of travel, psychology, science, and humor to investigate where happiness is. Rhetoric has enjoyed many definitions, accommodated differing purposes, and varied widely in what it included. The traditional definition of rhetoric, first proposed by Aristotle, was the art of observing in any given caseRead MoreImpact of Cross-Cultural Differences on Different Perceptions of Happiness1358 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Geography of Bliss, Eric Weiner presents cross-cultural differences (and similarities) in perceptions and experiences of happiness. A careful analysis of Weiners findings, which are rooted in research, shows that there are universal patterns and trends beyond individual and cultural differences. Happiness entails understanding the curious combination of internal and external factors; environmental triggers and the human psychological response to those triggers. Bu ddhist societies like thoseRead MoreEssay on How to Achieve Happiness2099 Words   |  9 Pagestopic comes 3 factors, traditions, memories, and the little things. Traditions are defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary as â€Å"the handing down of information, beliefs, or customs from one generation to another.† This relates closely to history. In Weiner’s search for the happiest places in the world he finds out that Qatar has no real history. He states â€Å" †¦ an important ingredient in the good life, the happy life, is connecting to something larger that ourselves, recognizing that we are not mere blips

Knowledge Of Biomechanical Restrictions Ankle Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(419) " interesting because the ankle joint minutes and section angles calculated in old 2-D literature were based on utilizing a individual camera to therefore position the joint moving in merely the sagittal plane which can merely go on when the pess point forwards and so as the stance breadth increased so would the degrees of erroneous informations biomechanically from the mortise joint articulation \( Escamilla et al\." The knee bend is a often used exercising in the strength and conditioning community and is regarded as an first-class manner to develop the lower limb muscular structure. This is in no little portion down to the biomechanical and neuromuscular similarities that the knee bend exercising has in relation to many athletic motions ( Escamilla et al. , 2001 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Knowledge Of Biomechanical Restrictions Ankle Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The knee bend is besides used in many rehabilitation protocols as it is a closed kinetic concatenation exercising ( Escamilla et al. , 1998 ; Stuart, Meglan, Lutz, Growney, A ; An, 1996 ) where the distal section is fixed ( Yack, Collins, A ; Whieldon, 1993 ) . The knee bend is besides a mention point for most strength and conditioning managers when measuring maximum lower limb strength and this is besides the instance in competitory power-lifting and weightlifting ( Escamilla, Fleisig, Lowry, Barrentine, A ; Andrews, 2001 ) . Squat preparation has been shown to correlate strongly with improved sprinting, perpendicular leap and other athletic abilities ( Wisloff, Castagna, Helgerud, Jones, A ; Hoff, 2004 ; CHELLY et al. , 2009 ) and so strength and conditioning managers would be wise to proliferate good motion in this exercising. It is non merely in athletic preparation that the knee bend should be regarded as of import but besides in mundane life because the specificity of the crouching motion to undertakings such as picking up immature kids and bundles is innately similar, as are infinite other avocations and undertakings ( Schonefield, 2010 ) intending the ability to crouch allows people to retain functional independency in life. During chunky public presentation the mortise joint articulation contributes considerable support and helps to bring forth the important degrees of power required for this motion ( Hung A ; Gross, 1999 ) . Besides failing or instability at the mortise joint has antecedently been implicated in the generation of defective motion forms during the knee bend happening specifically that failing of the gastrocnemius, tibialis front tooth or buttocks may increase likeliness of both foot pronation gesture and so diminishing the ability to command articulatio genus valgus ( Bell, Padua, A ; Clark, 2008 ) . However it was noted by Schonefield ( 2010 ) that the degree of kinematic informations on the mortise joint articulation and its importance to the crouching motion is scarce. Most writers have decided to concentrate their attendings on the biomechanics of the spinal column, hip or articulatio genus composite during crouching undertakings ( Schonefield, 2010 ) and so some recommendations will be made within this paper for future research. The incidence of ankle hurt in athletics is highest in tribunal and squad athleticss such as rugger, football, hoops and volleyball ( Fong, 2007 ) . A systematic reappraisal paper by Fong ( 2007 ) looked at 227 surveies that had detailed ankle hurt rates across 70 different athleticss over a 28 twelvemonth period and found that in athleticss hurts the mortise joint was the 2nd most injured organic structure site after the articulatio genus ( Fong, 2007 ) . The chief constituents that encompass the mortise joint are the superior tibiofibular articulation and the talo-crural articulation. The superior tibiofibular articulation ( STFJ ) is prone to locking when it is working as portion of a kinetic concatenation and this can take to stop scope restrictions of talocrural dorsiflexion ( Phelps, James, A ; Matthijs, 2003 ) . The talo-crural articulation ( appendix 1 ) which passively dorsiflexes up to 30Â ° and plantar flexes up to 50Â ° is made up of the talar dome resting on the roof of the mortice, which is junction of the shinbone, calf bone and median and sidelong malleoli. Talocrural dorsiflexion is seen as normal between 11Â ° and 25 Â ° and inflexible between 4.3Â ° and 11.2Â ° ( mention this please ) . The mortise joint composite besides has a huge web of back uping ligaments and sinews and in entire the mortise joint and pes contains 26 castanetss. In order to crouch the metatarsals will dorsiflex and kidnap as the mortise joint goes into dorsiflexion and so follows subtalar joint abduction doing calcaneal eversion which leads to internal rotary motion of the shinbone and thighbone making knee flexure and therefore motion in the sagittal plane. The flexibleness of the calf musculus composite will restrict the sum of dorsiflexion attained, which in bend bounds the remainder of the concatenation or causes compensations someplace else. The induction of a squatting motion is thought to happen from a muscular response that initiate hip and knee flexure along with ankle dorsiflexion to interrupt unsloped position ( Dionisio, Almeida, Duarte, A ; Hirata, 2008 ) . At this point an automatic response of the tibialis anterior additions ankle joint dorsiflexion torsion and disrupts the postural equilibrium ( Cheron, Bengoetxea, Pozzo, Bourgeois, A ; Draye, 1997 ) . At this point moderate gastrocnemius activity has been observed apparent ly to command the degree of dorsiflexion at the mortise joint ( Dahlkvist, Mayo, A ; Seedhom, 1982 ; Escamilla et al. , 2001 ; Escamilla et al. , 1998 ) contending the theory that the musculus is eccentrically controlling dorsiflexion. This theory nevertheless may non keep true due to the fact that the gastrocnemius is a biarticular musculus and may so shorten at the articulatio genus whilst lengthening at the mortise joint and frailty versa for the ascent stage ( Escamilla, 2001 ) . Indeed gastrocnemius activity has been found to be comparatively low in crouching motions and is highest at near to top out knee flexure ( Donnelly, Berg, A ; Fiske, 2006 ) which correlates with the fact that the gastrocnemius force arm extremum at this point ( Escamilla et al. , 2001 ) . Ankle angular speeds have been seen to be reasonably low and rather changeless throughout both the acclivity and descent stages of the knee bend ( Escamilla et al. , 2001 ) . Stance is an of import factor in crouching public presentation and muscular enlisting forms and no clear victor has been found in the race to domination with foot place even in the powerlifting universe. Escamilla et Al ( 2001 ) examined how 3 differing stances affected joint minute and angular speeds utilizing a 3 dimensional biomechanical analysis but besides comparing against a 2-D theoretical account, happening important differences in wider stances. This was interesting because the ankle joint minutes and section angles calculated in old 2-D literature were based on utilizing a individual camera to therefore position the joint moving in merely the sagittal plane which can merely go on when the pess point forwards and so as the stance breadth increased so would the degrees of erroneous informations biomechanically from the mortise joint articulation ( Escamilla et al. You read "Knowledge Of Biomechanical Restrictions Ankle Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples " , 2001 ) presuming topics have to turn their pess out. Potentially this means unless the stance was standardized to insulate sagittal motion in all literature so it is extremely likely to be inaccurate. The motion of the articulatio genuss relative to the mortise joints in the z-axis was besides studied in the Escamilla et Al ( 2001 ) paper and they found that the articulatio genuss translated frontward over the pess 21.7 AÂ ± 4.4 centimeter during the narrow stance, 18.0 AÂ ± 2.6 centimeter during the medium stance, and 16.0 AÂ ± 4.6 centimeter during the broad stance. It has been antecedently reported that increased frontward motion of the articulatio genuss during crouching causes shearing forces at the articulatio genus ( Ariel, 1974 ) . This besides highlights the importance of ankle dorsiflexion scope of gesture during crouching motions when using a broad or average stance, which was categorized by Escamilla et Al ( 2001 ) as 121-153 % shoulder width apart ( set broad sta nce breadth in! ) . In this survey the most important differences in joint minutes and minute weaponries were seen at the mortise joint articulation ( Escamilla et al. , 2001 ) and unsurprisingly the greatest differences occurred between the narrow and broad stances ( appendix 2 ) . The greatest mortise joint articulation minutes were seen at maximal knee flexure ( Escamilla et al. , 2001 ) which was in line with old literature where gastrocnemius activity besides peaked at this point ( Isear, Erickson, A ; Worrell, 1997 ) in all chance antagonizing the mortise joint minutes. A recent survey, albeit looking at quality of motion steps and the sidelong measure down test, saw that topics with inhibited public presentation in these trials had limited ankle dorsiflexion ( RABIN A ; KOZOL, 2010 ) and so compensations are likely to be happening elsewhere. McLaughlin et Al ( 1977 ) have recommended maintaining the shinbone every bit perpendicular as possible to restrict the possible articulatio genus shearing forces in the knee bend ( McLaughlin, Dillman, A ; Lardner, 1977 ) and so a later survey by Fry et Al ( 2003 ) compared kinetic belongingss when articulatio genus anterior motion was restricted. The 7 topics were weight trained work forces who had all squatted on a regular basis earlier and each performed 3 knee bends both impeded and unimpeded with consequences demoing important differences in both hip and articulatio genus torsions under restricted articulatio genus conditions. The restricted knee bend produced greater torsion values at the hip compared to the articulatio genus and besides showed a more inclined bole and trunk every bit good as a more perpendicular shinbone ( Fry, Smith, A ; Schilling, 2003 ) . The limitation ( figure 1 ) so causes a alteration in the hip minute arm, which is a necessary compensation to let th e Centre of mass to remain over the base of support, the pess. This inordinate forward tilt is hence necessary when there is a limitation in anterior knee motion and significantly has besides been noted as a common mistake for novice lifters executing the barbell knee bend exercising ( Chandler A ; Stone, 1991 ) . It has been seen that less skilled homesteaders tended to tilt frontward more, therefore making greater bole torsions ( McLaughlin et al. , 1977 ) but it has besides been seen that lumbar spinal column shearing forces are significantly increased in lifters exposing a outstanding forward tilt ( Russell A ; Phillips, 1989 ) . It can be moderately assumed that the big hip torsions seen when anterior articulatio genus motion is restricted are transferred to the lumbar spinal column making a possible hurt site and hapless biomechanical modeling. Surveies have antecedently shown that the experts in crouching have superior kinematics due to a more vertical bole, less horizontal hip supplanting and superior dynamicss through less bole torsions than less experient lifters ( McCaw A ; Melrose, 1999 ; McLaughlin et al. , 1977 ) . One cause for restricted anterior articulatio genus motion in knee bend could be gastrocnemius equinus forestalling dorsiflexion and this is a wholly under researched country. It has been researched in spastic and neurologically impaired persons but non every bit much in non-spastic populations as a cause of limited dorsiflexion. This stringency causes an inability to dorsiflex through the tibiotalar articulation and can besides take to other symptoms of the bow and mid pes ( DiGiovanni et al. , 2002 ) . Heel rises have been used by jocks to help in the gym based motion such as knee bend and Olympic raising fluctuations. A diminution board is such a device and this puts lesser demands on the mortise joint in dorsiflexion compared to normal floor based knee bends ( Frohm, Halvorsen, A ; Thorstensson, 2007 ) . This has been postulated as a method for the intervention of tendinopathies at the patellar but this is when utilizing bizarre motions ( Frohm et al. , 2007 ) to make maximal force at the articulatio genus and non for general knee bend. One possible drawback with heel rises is that the when utilizing a heel raise the pes becomes more plantarflexed coupled with calcaneal inversion. This means that during crouching when tibial internal rotary motion is required it is hard to achieve whilst the pes is somewhat inversed and as the shinbone is already in a somewhat externally rotated place. Tibial external rotary motion has been implicated as one of the causes of dynamic articulatio genus valgus in the knee bend exercising ( Bell et al. , 2008 ) which is regarded as a important hazard factor in anterior cruciate ligament showing ( Chaudhari A ; Andriacchi, 2006 ; Hewett et al. , 2005 ) . The median supplanting of the articulatio genus ( MKD ) is thought to be influenced by specific strength or flexibleness shortages in muscular structure at the hip and mortise joint ( Hirth A ; Padua, 2007 ) such as stringency of sidelong gastrocnemius, soleus and peroneals which may add to tibal abduction and external rotary motion ( Bell et al. , 2008 ) . Once once more though, the research detailing the existent comparative parts of the mortise joint and hip is non seen. This is one country where clinicians may make up one’s mind to utilize a heel rise to distinguish the cause of MKD between hip muscular structure and lower limb muscular structure when MKD is seen when utilizing a heel rise under the calcaneous when bilaterally crouching ( Bell et al. , 2008 ) . A s urvey by Bell et Al ( 2008 ) looked at the lower limb causes of MKD and found that topics with inordinate MKD had 20 % less inactive mortise joint dorsiflexion scope of gesture with a flexed articulatio genus ( Bell et al. , 2008 ) . It should be noted that the topics in this survey were non wholly from athletic or physically active backgrounds with a significantly greater proportion ( n=30, men=7, women=30 ) being adult females. The presence of an increased articulatio genus valgus when decreased mortise joint dorsiflexion scope of gesture is present facilitates the demand for farther survey into this country as a showing tool for ACL hurt bar ( Fong, Blackburn, Norcross, McGrath, A ; Padua, 2011 ) . Outside of crouching forms, jocks with limited mortise joint dorsiflexion have been seen to incur much greater extremum landing forces after dropping or jumping ( Blackburn A ; Padua, 2008 ; Devita A ; Skelly, 1992 ) which is coupled with much less articulatio genus and hip supplanting. Reduced ankle dorsiflexion scope of gesture was besides associated with patellar sinew tendinopathies ( P lt ; 0.05 ) in volleyball participants due to the resulting limited calf bizarre contraction ability ( Malliaras, Cook, A ; Kent, 2006 ) . Another similar status to patellar tendinopathy that has been implicated with limited mortise joint dorsiflexion is Morbud Osgood Schlatters ( MOS ) in athleticss active kids. This status is caused by grip apophysitis of the tibial tubercle caused by insistent strain and chronic avulsion of the secondary ossification Centre of the tibial tubercle ( EHRENBORG, 1962 ) although the exact description and causing is still debated. This insistent pulling gesture comes from the quadriceps musculus during featuring activities ( Sarcevic, 2008 ) . Sarcevic ( 2008 ) theorized that limited mortise joint dorsiflexion caused compensatory actions such as increased articulatio genus flexure, tibial internal rotary motion and foot pronation during the stance stage of running ( Sarcevic, 2008 ) . In this paper 42 of the 45 topics had a dorsiflexion angle of less than 10Â ° and besides had clinical diagnosing of MOS. This is simply a theory though and farther research should concentrate on using a control group to compare and therefore make causal relationships. The importance of ankle dorsiflexion scope of gesture is non merely critical for crouching motions and set downing but besides for the bar of by and large enfeebling conditions such as plantarfasciitis. Plantarfasciitis is comparatively common in physically active and athletic populations ( Kibler, Goldberg, A ; Chandler, 1991 ) and is by and large seen as redness of the facia on the sole of the pes giving anterior heel hurting. It has been seen that when ankle dorsiflexion is limited, inordinate pronation of the pes will happen to counterbalance, thereby increasing tensile tonss on the plantar aponeurosis ( Kibler et al. , 1991 ; WRIGHT A ; RENNELS, 1964 ) . The hazard of plantartfasciitis additions as the scope of dorsiflexion lessenings and providentially those who spend a longer sum of clip on their pess are once more at a greater hazard ( Riddle, Pulisic, Pidcoe, A ; Johnson, 2003 ) . One of the causes of a limited dorsiflexion may be the inability of the shinbone to posterior glide decently on the flexible joint like scree ( Denegar A ; Miller, III, 2002 ) . Lots of research is available that highlights the effectivity of anterior to posterior mobilizations of the scree on the shinbone to increase ankle dorsiflexion scope of gesture ( Landrum, Kelln, Parente, Ingersoll, A ; Hertel, 2008 ; van der Wees et al. , 2006 ; Vicenzino, Branjerdporn, Teys, A ; Jordan, 2006 ) . This research was by and large performed on topics with chronic mortise joint sprain and or, instability. One of the theories postulated for the effectivity of the front tooth to posterior mobilization technique is the theory of the lockup of the scree, whereby the scree is subluxated anteriorly on the shinbone ( Mulligan B R. , 1999 ) and even though there is small published quantifiable grounds of this theory it is worthwhile cognition for the strength and conditioning manager who identifies a dorsiflexion restriction. In another paper topics who suffered recurrent mortise joint sprains and were so diagnosed with chronic mortise joint instability ( CAI ) had significantly less dorsiflexion compared to a control group when jogging ( Drewes, McKeon, Casey Kerrigan, A ; Hertel, 2009 ) . This shortage was so postulated as a important hazard factor in jocks with CAI with recommendations to see a clinician proposed ( Drewes et al. , 2009 ) . It should besides be noted that during this survey used a 10 camera gesture analysis system intending a 3-D analysis was undertaken on topics. 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Child Labour Essay Sample free essay sample

There is an old expression that goes ‘The kid is the male parent of the man’ it merely translates that childhood is the formative period when a man’s character is shaped. traits are built and values inculcated. Quality of life at this phase assumes great importance in the visible radiation that today’s kids are tomorrow’s grownups and would shortly be cardinal participants or movers and Shakerss as we call them in the great new universe all of us dream of. Unfortunately kids as a section remain a instead neglected and deprived batch in a fast and grownup centric universe which positions everything from its ain misconceived perceptual experience. Deprivation takes the signifier of deficiency of quality clip with household. absence of personalized love and a sympathetic ear in the flush states while in the 3rd universe it is symbolized more starkly in footings of being denied rudimentss like nutrient. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Labour Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page vesture. shelter. medical attention and instruction. What is worse is that in the under developed states kids are non merely neglected but actively exploited as a agency of inexpensive labor. Child labor is a offense against humanity. it is an cold pattern that stunts the physical and mental growing and stifles the free rolling spirit of the kid and merely goes against nature. Worse still the victims are excessively immature to even grok that they are being exploited. It is among the most serious societal issues confronting the universe today and besides among the most complicated. As a pattern kid labor has existed since clip immemorial. in a typical agricultural economic system like India a man’s worth in the olden yearss was measured in footings of the figure of kids he had as more kids intend more custodies to work in the farm and more green goodss to be reaped. While this was non surely desirable. one should besides see that the kids could hold done small else if they were non working in their father’s farm as there were no schools to go to during these times. besides they were non excessively burdened with work and reasonably good cared for in footings of basic necessities like nutrition and security. The industrial revolution and the attendant hegira to the urban countries in hunt of occupations and a support marked the beginning of child labour presuming startling proportions and going a major societal issue. Children on history of their unconditioned artlessness and weakness became miserable victims in the new industrial epoch of increased production. competition and an limitless chance to do money and concerns looking for a inexpensive and unquestioning labour force. Most of us would remember the small male child with a scintillation in his oculus cleaning the dinner tabular array in our weekend eat out. a five-spot pressed into his thenar and a rap on his dorsum being our two great gestures to pacify our guilt before we walk out anxiously moaning under the weight of a deluxe filling. He is among the 1000000s of this nation’s underprivileged and exploited kids running the looms in the zari embellishment works laboring in the dark and dory suites. cutting his fingers and the silkworms infecting his lesions to maintain our womenfolk stylish and the merchandisers affluent. he inhales the exhausts and toxic chemicals in the marble preies of Kota and match/fireworks industries of Sivakasi so we could hold good polished floors and do merry during Diwali. he languishes in the roadside dhaba. glosss your places as you rush to work. accompanies the truck driver as a cleansing agent male child and engages in an eternal list of grownup activity to ga in a square repast for himself and his household. Childs are besides employed in slaughter houses. saloons and cabaret halls in arrant neglect to their esthesias and the fact that they are in a phase where soaking up of equal groups is fast and being exposed to such activity could go forth a serious and lasting cicatrix on their mind. In the economically backward countries child labour takes the more exploitatory and oppressive signifier of ‘bonded labour’ . here they are sold like cowss to their benign proprietors who treat them no better than that. In a wide sense nevertheless all child labor is bonded. they may non be in ironss and may be free to go forth. but they are nevertheless under bondage. so long as they are in a topographic point against their wish and will and dispatching responsibilities rather beyond their age and laboring for their endurance. Child Labour is a complex issue. it raises inquiries that are hard to reply. it has no simplistic solutions and demands to be tackled at different degrees. India is a signer to the both the UN Convention and the ILO ( Intl Labour Organization ) that purely ban using kids below the age of 14. closer place we have the Child Labour Act of 1986. As in many other instances the jurisprudence surfs do so with impunity with a corrupt and insensitive official machinery looking the other manner and doing a jeer of the legal procedure. The fact that the exploited have no other pick and are willing to readily give themselves up to the users than starve makes it hard to emancipate them. Non Government organic structures like the Centre of Concern for kid labor. societal consciousness organisations and force per unit area from organisations from abroad in the signifier of censoring import of merchandises made with child labors have had a better impact in controling the threat of child labor or bet tering their working status than the child labor Torahs which exist merely on paper or their hatchet mans. In decision we could state that the solution to child labors could come merely with a echt alteration of bosom and concern to fellow human existences until so we need to constantly educate the people on how unjust and unfair it is to use child labor. Real release is possible merely when the economic divide between the rich and the hapless is narrowed and parents are non compelled to direct their kids to work as the lone means to last. While you may be able to discourage employers from engaging kids through rigorous execution of kid Torahs. policing and enforcing high punishments on defaulters. how are we traveling to undertake the larger issue of doing good the loss in gross to the household whose merely nutriment was the income the kid was conveying in? Salvaging the kid from an working employer and go forthing the household with no other option could be like a displacement from the boiling H2O to the fire. While the user would travel on with his concern with grownup employers after paying the punishment it is the reclaimed kid and his/her household that needs to confront the uncertainness of fring their beginning of income. The least we could make as persons when we come across a kid in harness of any sort is to be considerate to him/her as we would be to our ain immature 1s. we may non be able to salvage him or back up him but a small kindness. forgiveness and generousness could do a universe of difference to the unfortunate kid and do his universe a shadiness better.

Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America free essay sample

He said for all their government was a counsel of the ages; there was no force. There was no prisons, no officers to compel obedience, or inflict punishment. They governed their own community. He explained how the women would dress the food, nurse and raise the children, running the household. It was the womans duty to imprint and communicate it to their children being there was no writings. They had their own way to interpret and communicate. This was the way they preserved information and traditions in their culture.In 1744 the government of Virginia and the Six Nations came to an agreement with the commissioners from Virginia and spoke to the chief Indians telling them in a college will be established in with paid funding for the education of young Indians. All the six nations had to do was send a half a dozen of their young Indians to that college and the government of would of provided all means and they were Instructed to learn from the white people. We will write a custom essay sample on Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Indians were always taught to be polite In any situation and show respect by taking time to consider any important matter. It took the Indians one day to respond to the government of Virginia, it was explained that some of their young people were sent to college in the Northern Provinces he says they were instructed in all your sciences; but, when they came back to us, they were bad runners, ignorant of every means of living in the woods, unable to bear either the cold or hunger, knew neither how t build a cabin, take a deer, or kill an enemy, spoke our language imperfectly, were therefore neither fit for hunters, warriors, nor counselors; they were totally good for nothing.He goes on to decline their offer with great respect to them and asks if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take great care of their education, instruct them In all we know, and make MEN of them. Franklin said the politeness of these savages In conversation Is Indeed carried to excess, since It does not permit them to contradict or deny the truth of what is asserted in their presence. Of course Chri stians tried to push their beliefs on the Native Americans, even though it was no good their beliefs were all so strong and that it was natural. A Swedish Minister gave a great short speech of Christianity, afterwards the Indian orator shared some main aspects of their own religion. The good missionary was appalled and disgusted by the story and called them idle tales.The Indian replied my brother, it seems your friends have not done you Justice in your education; they have not well instructed you in the rules of common civility. You saw that we, who understand and practice those rules, believed all your stories; why do you refuse to believe ours? Franklin showed us in this essay the hospitality and politeness of the Indians. The word of an Indian, who said if a man enters one of our cabin we dry him if he is wet, we warm if he is cold, we allay his hunger and thirst; we demand nothing in return.

Analysis of Pricing and Distribution Strategy at British Airways The WritePass Journal

Analysis of Pricing and Distribution Strategy at British Airways Introduction Analysis of Pricing and Distribution Strategy at British Airways Introduction Company’s outlookPricing Strategy Distribution Strategy Evaluation Conclusion and Recommendations  ReferencesRelated Introduction British Airways is the flagship airline carrier for United Kingdom, formed in 1974. With significant presence at Heathrow, Gatwick and London City with over 20 million people living within commuting distance. BA has a fleet of more than 238 aircrafts in service as of March 2010 and flies to 41 different destinations in America, 9 in the UK, 67 in Europe, 16 in the Middle-East and South-Asia and 7 in the Asia Pacific region, carrying around 32 million passengers between 2009 and 2010 as well as operating a large air cargo business alongside. BA, American Airlines, Cathay Pacific and Qantas form the Oneworld airline alliance which is now the third largest airline alliance group. In 2011 BA merged with Iberia forming IAG with 408 aircrafts flying to 200 destinations and carrying 55 million passengers and allowing the two companies to enhance their presence in the market whilst retaining their own brands and allowing their customers to benefit from a larger network of travel (iairgroup.com/ 2011). Company’s outlook British Airways sees itself as a vital link for trade and investment, specialising in short to medium length international journeys which has seen revenue of  £8 billion in 2009/10. This figure is down 11% on the previous year due mainly to price of fuel and the recession. BA’s main activity revolves around passenger travel which accounts for 87% of 2009/10 revenue, supposed to 7% from cargo and 6% from other means. The acquisition of Iberia in 2011 has allowed BA to increase its capabilities in the cargo market and diversify their operations. Both companies float on the Spanish and UK stock markets as one under IAG, which floated in late January 2011 at 282p a share; this has dropped to a price of 224.3p per share as of 4th April 2011. The future for British Airways and IAG will be largely affected by its ability to weather the downturn, but with its promise of drastic expansion and a strong market share within the European market (3rd biggest by revenue) (www.bbc.co.uk/new s 2011) Pricing Strategy British Airways prices its products in a way that allows consumers to decide the level of services they want. For example return flight to New York, purchased online is  £376 in economy yet consumers pay a huge increase to  £2728 for the same flight, (www.britishairways.com 2011) but in first class. BA’s premium and medium strategies offers superior quality for greater price allowing the airline to compete with other quality airlines such as Virgin and American Airlines, and base price on customer valuations The price â€Å"is set higher than others to reflect better product quality and exclusivity.† (Brassington and Petitt, 2003: 1106). However in recent years the arrival of low cost carriers and economic turmoil forced BA into providing a low cost formula to remain competitive. The first step towards this was in generating ancillary revenues by introducing a fee per one way flight for passengers booking a seat in advance for all seats except first class. (GMID 2011) Even in the low cost formula, BA are still upholding their image of quality and good customer service as unlike the low cost carriers, where ancillary revenues are the money makers with food, drink and priority boarding all costing extra, BA still provide some level of on board service in the cost of their product. Despite the introduction of a low cost formula, British Airways generally bases prices on perceived value of its brand, and aims to deliver product quality leadership strategy. (www.britishairways.com 2011) The executive club encourages loyalty to the airline and rewards consumers with double airmiles, priority boarding, additional baggage allowance and access to the BA lounge as well as giving the appearance of high quality and good value. However BA recently lowered the price of their business class ticket due to the recession. It has been recognised the company has had to reduce the price of its business class tickets, to remain competitive alongside such competition as Virgin, who have helped battle down the price, along with it’s cliental that have become less willing to pay higher prices during economic hardship. This has help attract more customers, smaller businesses in particular, who are able to do deals and meet contacts around the world. (Times Online 2011). An excellent strategy that has allowed BA to get away from just large organisations and into the smaller/medium sized business market (GMID 2011) is their Face to Face campaign which, on submittance of a business plan, small/medium sized businesses can apply for free business travel. The marginal cost of one more passenger is relatively small, as the majority of costs are largely in fixed costs of running the flight (cost of aircraft, fuel, airport duties etc.). According to Chris Tarry, transport analyst for Commerzbank Securities, BA’s selling cost per passenger in March 2002 was just 10.9% of its average ticket price (insights.org.uk 2011). This allows BA to sell tickets at lower rates when demand is less and higher rates during peak season. For example an economy class ticket to New York would normally be  £376 return but almost doubles over the peak bank holiday period of the Royal Wedding at  £616 (www.britishairways.com 2011). The airline aims to get as many people on the plane as possible, even at a lower price, and make some profit, than the plane taking of near empty and making a loss. Distribution Strategy British Airways tickets are available to purchase from travel agents physical locations and online via their websites, and through BA’s dedicated website, travel shops and reservations staff. With e-commerce radically changing distribution strategies (Solomon et al, 2009), BA and various other airlines are trying to reduce costs to ensure they continue to effectively compete against other players within the airline industry and still provide each customer with their superior service by eliminating their use of various ‘traditional intermediaries’ (Solomon et al, 2009) within their distribution channels. Globally 20% of British Airways tickets are now sold via ba.com, with 54% of these online bookings accounting for their total short haul sales stated by docstoc (2010). It’s recognised from these statistics that the convenience of purchasing airline tickets online is attractive, due to the ability to securely acquire a flight ticket without leaving the comforts of your own home, as well as that purchasing tickets direct from BA.com is significantly cheaper than leading travel agents, for example an economy class ticket flying from London to New York can be purchased for  £368 straight from BA where as Expedia offer the same flight for a staggering  £432.10. However, there is still an area of the market who enjoy purchasing their airline tickets from travel agents physical locations, this is due to travel agencies providing the customer with the same options as to the airline website itself, in such areas as seat preferences, along with the additional personalised service w hich the customer is able to discuss the range of options available to them when booking all areas of their holiday, be their hotel or hire car. An attempt to create a more direct distribution channel process, BA also provides the recognised ‘travel agent’ service options to its customers, through offering a range of hotels, car rental and various other holiday package choices. The various options available to consumers when purchasing BA airline tickets are either through travel agents, or alternatively buy their ticket straight from the BA website, travel shops and reservations staff. It’s seen that prices do vary depending on where tickets are purchased, for instance if a consumer were to purchase their ticket directly from BA’s website, they would commonly pay a lower price, due to the direct business to customer distribution channel, eliminating the need for BA to pay commission to travel agents which is ‘traditionally between 8% and 10% of the ticket price’ (tourism insights, 2002) and for the use of Global Distribution Systems (GDS). GDS is used by airlines to sell flights, through connecting both the airline and the travel agents to sell the tickets. Airlines pay GDS to connect them to travel websites and travel agents to enable their flights to be sold via these organisations, GDS segment fees average at around ‘$10 to $12 per booking’ (tourism insights, 2002). With BA’s distribution costs accounting for 16%-17% of the cost of selling each ticket, no wonder they want to reduce distribution channels to help become more competitive in the growing low fare airline industry, especially due to the ‘travel and tourism industry fast becoming the biggest growth industry in e-commerce payments,’ (docstoc, 2010). Evaluation Overall it is clear that British Airways are aiming for a much more direct distribution channel. They are investing huge amounts of money in improving their online services to try to encourage people to buy online rather than at the extra cost of the middle man travel agent. This also allows the airline to gain vital information about their consumers and their wants and needs, allowing the company to differentiate and target their services appropriately. This will ensure they enhance their competitive market position, through enabling them to provide special offers to different customers, for example in the form of special discounts, special seats with more leg room and passes for their lounges, allowing them to build better relationships with their customers.   The high growth in e-commerce selling in the travel and tourism market is further proof of how important it is for BA to perfect this particular method of distribution. The lower costs from eliminating a middle man, includi ng both online and shop based agents will also allow the firm to appear more competitive in comparison to low cost carriers (LCCs). The introduction of ancillary products and reduction in price of business class tickets has been key in promoting the price competitiveness of the airline alongside the strong brand image of quality and reliability. The low marginal cost of an extra passenger also gives the airline the ability to lower costs depending on the demand for their product at the time of year; this means that BA can offer their business clients lower prices when it is not peak season such as school holidays. Conclusion and Recommendations By providing more ancillary goods and a reduced cost of the seat, BA will give consumers the options of what they want and become more competitive with the LCC’s, who are extremely popular for short haul flights. For example providing the option to charge extra for food and drink or extra baggage on short haul flights as well as an all inclusive option. Many of the LCC’s only distribute tickets online. To uphold BA’s strong brand image it’s important for them to stay accessible through other distribution systems as many of their more wealthier cliental who spend the most via business and first class tickets, may desire a travel agent. By marketing their online travel agent services they may be able to increase their current 20% online distribution. This will provide a more direct channel to their customers allowing them to market events such as the BA January sale, flights to cheaper destinations and cheaper times to fly that consumers may otherwise be unaware of. Marketing the executive club more effectively to new customers and ensuring that by being a member, consumers actually receive some benefits, they’re likely to remain loyal and recommend the airline. BA could also improve their services by providing questionnaires to passengers. For example, on long haul flights when consumers are more likely to fill them in, and providing a reward – such as a draw for a bottle of champagne. By doing this the company will be able to find out if consumers choose them for their prices, customer service, quality or the routes that they operate under and use this to market the company accordingly. It is clearly important for BA to remain competitive with the LCCs by providing an alternative to the high quality and high price product they currently provide but still keeping their high quality image and providing a service that current, loyal customers expect. Effective online distribution and optional ancillary products are key in achieving this alongside accurate customer research from current and potential consumers. The airline should continue to use their low marginal costs to their advantage when promoting the airline to businesses and off peak travellers.   References Balmer, J.M.T, Stuart, H Greyser, A.S (2009) Aligning Identity and Strategy: Corporate Branding at British Airways in the Late 20th Century, CALIFORNIA MANAGEMENT REVIEW VOL. 51, NO. 3 BBC News: bbc.co.uk/news/business-12265332 [Accessed 4th April 2011] Brassington, F, Pettitt, S (2000), (2nd Edition) Principles of Marketing Harlow, Prentice Hall British Airways (2011) www.britishairways.com [accessed 19th March 2011] British Airways (2011) Buy Travel [Online] britishairways.com/travel/fx/public/en_gb?eId=111011timestamp=0315023921 [Accessed 15th March 2011] Docstoc (2010) Visa Case study: British Airways come buy with me –worldwide airline offers worldwide online protection [Online] docstoc.com/docs/26949398/britishairways [Accessed: 6th March 2011] Expedia (2011) Flights [Online] expedia.co.uk/pub/agent.dll [Accessed 15th March 2011] GMID portal.euromonitor.com.chain.kent.ac.uk/Portal/ResultsList.aspx [Accessed 7th March 2011] Insights (2011) insights.org.uk/articleitem.aspx?title=The+Changing+Face+of+Airline+Distribution [Accessed 20th March 2011] International Airlines Group (2010) iairgroup.com/   [Accessed 4th April 2011] Solomon, Marshall, Stuart, Barnes Mitchell (2009) Marketing: Real People, Real Decisions. Essex, Pearson Education Limited. Times Online (2011) http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article5477962.ece [Accessed 17th March 2011] Tourism insights (2002) The Changing Face of Airline Distribution [Online] insights.org.uk/articleitem.aspx?title=The+Changing+Face+of+Airline+Distribution [Accessed: 6th March 2011]

Endocrine System Essay Example

Endocrine System Essay Example Endocrine System Essay Endocrine System Essay 1. The normal rat had the fastest radical metabolic rate. 2. The metabolic rates differed between the normal rat and the surgically altered rats because the surgically altered rats didn’t have a thyroid or pituitary secretory organ and hence. the normal rat had a faster radical metabolic rate. The consequences turned out to be the manner I predicted them to be. 3. T3 and T4 would be losing in the animal’s blood. 4. I would anticipate to see a lessening in endocrine degrees since the hypophysectomized animate being can non secret ay TSH. Part 2: 5. The normal rat’s BMR increased. 6. The thyroidectomized rat’s BMR increased. However. in comparision to the normal rat. the thyroidextomized rat’s BMR was lower than the normal rat ( intending the normal rat still had a larger BMR ) . The dosage of tetraiodothyronine in the syringe was hence excessively little. 7. The hypophysectomised rat’s BMR increased every bit good. and one time once more. the BMR of the normal rat was still larger and so the dosage was still excessively little. Part 3: 8. The normal rat’s BMR increased from the TSH injections. 9. The thyroidectomized rat’s BMR increased by a small but the BMR of the normal rat was still bigger and so the dosage was excessively little. 10. The hypophysectomised rat’s BMR increased from the TSH. but yet once more. the normal rat’s BMR was still more. so the TSH dosage was once more excessively little. Part 4: 11. The normal rat’s BMR decreased from the PTU injections and it developed the tangible goitre because of physique up of the precursors to thyroxine. 12. The thyroidectomized rat’s BMR was non effected by PTU injections. In this instance. the BMR is still higher than the normal rat’s BMR because of the fact that the thyroidectomized rat had no thyroid secretory organ. 13. The hypophysectomised rat’s BMR was besides non effected by the PTU. and the BMR in this instance was besides more than the normal rat’s BMR because of the fact that the hypophysectomised rat had no pituitary secretory organ. Activity 2: Plasma Glucose. Insulin. and Diabetes Mellitus 1. A glucose criterion curve is made after a dosage of insulin is given and consists of a series of blood glucose records. The curve was obtained for this experiment in order to acquire the optical densenesss and by utilizing the curve. how to mensurate how much plasma glucose in a sample was so right predicted. 2. Patient 3 and 5 are in the diabetic scope of over 126 mg/dl because they had a glucose reading of 132 and 143. I am diffident which type of diabetes because I do non hold adequate information such as the patient’s tallness. weight. and age. 3. Patient 3 was in the diabetic scope with a reading of 132. Her gestation indicates that she could hold gestational diabetes. 4. Patient 1 had a normal glucose reading. which was 104 mg/dl. 5. Life manner alterations that could be recommended include. but are non limited to. increasing exercising. and eating more fibre. Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy 1. They are used in this experiment because these rats do non hold ovaries and hence. make non bring forth estrogen to increases bone denseness. The fact that these rats are ovariectomized explain their baseline T-scores because these rats have osteoporosis. 2. There was no consequence of saline on the control rat. The consequences of this compared good because this is what I predicted would go on. 3. The disposal of estrogen injections improved the T mark of the estrogen treated rat because it went from -2. 84 to -1. 60. so my anticipation was right. 4. Calcitonin improved the T mark of the calcitonin-treated rat because it went from -2. 84 to -2. 08 and hence. my anticipation was besides right. 5. Some wellness hazards that postmenopausal adult females must see when contemplating estrogen hormone replacing therapy include things such as dementedness. blood coagulums. shots. and different malignant neoplastic diseases such as ovarian malignant neoplastic disease. Activity 4: Measurement Cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone 1. Patient 3 would most likely be diagnosed with Cushing’s disease because this patient had both high degrees of Cortisol and ACTH. 2. Patients 2 and 5 have hormone flat feature of Cushing’s syndrome because of the high degrees of Cortisol and low degrees of ACTH. 3. This information changes the diagnosing because now patient 2 would be diagnosed with physician-induced Cushing’s syndrome. 4. Patient 4 would most likely be diagnosed with Addison’s disease because of the low degree of Cortisol and the high Degree of ACTH.